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Statue of J.L. Runeberg in Helsinki. Johan Ludvig Runeberg (1804–1877) was a Finnish poet, teacher and professor. His works, together with Elias Lönnrot's Kalevala, are considered to have elevated the newly formed Grand Duchy of Finland into the ranks of cultured nations, both in the international eyes as well those of the Finns themselves.
Finland wanted greater autonomy, citing the relevant provisions of the Tartu Peace Agreement, but the Soviet Union considered that nominal autonomy was sufficient. The League of Nations said it was an internal matter of the Soviet Union and did not intervene despite Finland's requests.
Unlike any of the Axis nations, Finland was a parliamentary democracy throughout the 1939–1945 period. The commander of Finnish armed forces during the Winter War and the Continuation War, Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim , became the President of Finland at the very end of the Continuation War.
The subject of an independent Finland was first mentioned in the 18th century, when present-day Finland was still ruled by Sweden. On 18 March 1742, during the Russian occupation in the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743), Empress Elizabeth of Russia issued a proclamation in the Finnish language to the Finnish people asking them to create a Finland which would be independent from both Sweden and ...
Finland signed a peace treaty with the Allied powers in 1947 which described Finland as having been "an ally of Hitlerite Germany" during the continuation war. [129] As such, Finland was the only democracy to join the Axis. [130] [131] Finland's relative independence from Germany put it in the most advantageous position of all the minor Axis ...
The participating nations in the current exercise that runs through March 15 are Belgium, Britain, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the ...
The British government referred the problem to the League of Nations Council, but Finland would not let the League intervene, as they considered it an internal matter. The League created a small panel to decide if it should investigate the matter and, with an affirmative response, a neutral commission was created. [ 134 ]
Moscow's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 sparked a historic policy U-turn in previously militarily non-aligned Finland and Sweden, which joined NATO in 2023 and 2024 respectively.