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Simulation of a transit of Jupiter by Io. Io's shadow precedes Io on Jupiter's cloud tops. Improved telescopes and mathematical techniques allowed astronomers in the 19th and 20th centuries to estimate many of Io's physical properties, such as its mass, diameter, and albedo, as well as to resolve large-scale surface features on it.
Gliding past the planet Jupiter, the Cassini spacecraft captured this view of active Io, Jupiter's third largest moon, with the gas giant as a backdrop, in 2001.
On January 28, 1986, Space Shuttle Challenger lifted off on the STS-51-L mission. A failure of the solid rocket booster 73 seconds into flight tore the spacecraft apart, resulting in the deaths of all seven crew members. [48] The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster was America's worst space disaster up to that time. [49]
Launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis on STS-34, carrying Galileo into Earth orbit. On December 19, 1985, it departed the JPL in Pasadena, California, on the first leg of its journey, a road trip to the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. [14] [15] Due to the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster, the May launch date could not be met. [16]
STS-69 was a Space Shuttle Endeavour mission, and the second flight of the Wake Shield Facility (WSF). [2] The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center , Florida on 7 September 1995. It was the 100th successful crewed NASA spaceflight [ citation needed ] , not including X-15 flights.
Located on Jupiter's moon Io, the lava lake known as Loki Patera is a whopping 127 miles across and spans over 8,300 square miles — meanwhile, Lake Ontario covers just 7,320 mi².
First probe to enter Jupiter's atmosphere. Entered at 22:04 UTC on 7 December 1995 and operated for 57 minutes; main spacecraft entered orbit at 00:27 UTC on 8 December. [13] Spacecraft was deorbited on 21 September 2003, impacting Jupiter's atmosphere at 18:57:18 UTC. [14] – Ulysses: Ulysses: 6 October 1990 [2] Space Shuttle Discovery STS-41 ...
An image of Jupiter captured by the Cassini spacecraft on Dec. 7, 2000, as the space probe made its way through the solar system toward Saturn. (NASA/JPL/University of Arizona)