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Pages in category "Organophosphate insecticides" The following 68 pages are in this category, out of 68 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A.
Organophosphate insecticides are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, which disrupt the transmission of nerve signals in exposed organisms, with fatal results. The risk of human death through organophosphate poisoning [ 32 ] was obvious from the start and led to efforts to lower toxicity against mammals while not reducing efficacy against insects.
A variety of mixed amido-alkoxo derivatives are known, one medically significant example being the anti-cancer drug cyclophosphamide. Also derivatives containing the thiophosphoryl group (P=S) include the pesticide malathion. The organophosphates prepared on the largest scale are the zinc dithiophosphates, as additives for
These compounds are the basis of antisense therapy, e.g., the drugs fomivirsen (Vitravene), oblimersen, alicaforsen, and mipomersen (Kynamro). [2] Further examples of these include: Diazinon; Fenitrothion; Fenthion; Thiotepa; Variants with P=S double bonds were developed as insecticides because of their reduced mammalian toxicity.
Malathion is a pesticide that is widely used in agriculture, residential landscaping, public recreation areas, and in public health pest control programs such as mosquito eradication. [5] In the US, it is the most commonly used organophosphate insecticide.
Exposure to organophosphate pesticides in general has been increasingly associated with changes in children's cognitive, behavioral and motor performance. [54] [55] Infant girls were shown to be more susceptible to harmful effects from organophosphate insecticides than infant boys. [53]
Dimethoate is a widely used organophosphate insecticide and acaricide.It was patented and introduced in the 1950s by American Cyanamid.Like other organophosphates, dimethoate is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor which disables cholinesterase, an enzyme essential for central nervous system function.
It is an organophosphate oxon, and the active metabolite of the insecticide parathion. It is also used as an ophthalmological drug against glaucoma . Paraoxon is one of the most potent acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides available, around 70% as potent as the nerve agent sarin , and so is now rarely used as an insecticide due to the ...