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If one observes a vertical length on a stadia rod, rule or levelling rod with the telescope and sees that the rod spans 0.500 m between the marks (the stadia interval), then the horizontal distance from the instrument to the rod is: 0.500m x 100 = 50 m. In the adjacent image, the upper stadia mark is at 1.500 m and the lower at 1.345 m.
The interval between stadia marks in most surveying instruments is 10 mrad and gives a stadia interval factor of 100. The distance between the instrument and a stadia rod can be determined simply by multiplying the measurement between the stadia hairs (known as the stadia interval) by 100. The instrument must be level for this method to work ...
A level staff, also called levelling rod, is a graduated wooden or aluminium rod, used with a levelling instrument to determine the difference in height between points or heights of points above a vertical datum. When used for stadiametric rangefinding, the level staff is called a stadia rod.
Stadia marks on a crosshair while viewing a metric levelling rod or staff. The top mark is at 1,500 mm and the lower is at 1,345 mm; the distance between those two marks is 155 mm, yielding a distance to the rod of 15.5 m.
Other forms of tacheometry in surveying include the use of a level staff known as a stadia rod with a theodolite or plane-table alidade. [2] These use stadia marks on the instrument's reticle to measure the distance between two points on the stadia rod (the stadia interval).
The rod is used in levelling procedures to determine elevations and is read using a level. A Philadelphia rod consists of two sliding sections graduated in hundredths of a foot. On the front of the rod the graduation increasing from zero at the bottom. On the back of the rod the graduation decrease from 13.09 ft at the bottom to 7 ft.
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The Y level or wye level is the oldest and bulkiest of the older style optical instruments. A low-powered telescope is placed in a pair of clamp mounts, and the instrument then leveled using a spirit level, which is mounted parallel to the main telescope. The term dumpy level (also builder's level) endures despite the evolution in design. They ...