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  2. Biofuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel

    Second-generation biofuels are thought to increase environmental sustainability since the non-food part of plants is being used to produce second-generation biofuels instead of being disposed of. [104] But the use of second-generation biofuels increases the competition for lignocellulosic biomass, increasing the cost of these biofuels. [105]

  3. Biodiesel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiesel

    Biodiesel can also be used as a heating fuel in domestic and commercial boilers, a mix of heating oil and biofuel which is standardized and taxed slightly differently from diesel fuel used for transportation. Bioheat fuel is a proprietary blend of biodiesel and traditional heating oil.

  4. Hydrotreated vegetable oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrotreated_vegetable_oil

    Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) is a biofuel made by the hydrocracking or hydrogenation of vegetable oil. Hydrocracking breaks big molecules into smaller ones using hydrogen while hydrogenation adds hydrogen to molecules. These methods can be used to create substitutes for gasoline, diesel, propane, kerosene and other chemical feedstock.

  5. Sustainable biofuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_biofuel

    Biofuel development and use is a complex issue because there are many biofuel options which are available. Biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel , are currently produced from the products of conventional food crops such as the starch, sugar and oil feedstocks from crops that include wheat , maize , sugar cane , palm oil and oilseed rape .

  6. Biofuel in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel_in_the_United_States

    The United States used biofuel in the beginning of the 20th century. For example, models of Ford T ran with ethanol fuel. Then the interest in biofuels declined until the first and second oil crisis, in 1973 and 1979. [citation needed] The Department of Energy established the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in 1974 and started to work in ...

  7. Vegetable oils as alternative energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oils_as...

    "The gradual move from oil has begun. Over the next 15 to 20 years we may see biofuels providing a full 25 percent of the world's energy needs. While the move is good for reducing greenhouse emissions, soaring oil prices have encouraged most countries to 'go green' by switching to greater use of biofuels." - Alexander Müller, Assistant ...

  8. Biorefinery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biorefinery

    The Alpena biorefinery plant in the USA. A biorefinery is a refinery that converts biomass to energy and other beneficial byproducts (such as chemicals). The International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 42 defined biorefining as "the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of bio-based products (food, feed, chemicals, materials) and bioenergy (biofuels, power and/or heat)". [1]

  9. Decarboxylated and decarbonylated biofuels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decarboxylated_and...

    First generation biofuels such as biodiesel [4] are produced directly from crops, such as cereals, maize, sugar beet and cane, and rapeseed. Second generation fuels are produced from byproducts from production of food and other goods, as well as from household waste, used frying oil from restaurants, and slaughterhouse waste. [5]