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  2. Hobbyist operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobbyist_operating_system

    The C programming language is frequently used for hobby operating system programming, as well as assembly language, though other languages can be used as well. The use of assembly language is common with small systems, especially those based on eight bit microprocessors such as the MOS Technology 6502 family or the Zilog Z80, or in systems with ...

  3. Machine code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_code

    In computer programming, machine code is computer code consisting of machine language instructions, which are used to control a computer's central processing unit (CPU). For conventional binary computers , machine code is the binary representation of a computer program which is actually read and interpreted by the computer.

  4. Comparison of assemblers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_assemblers

    LLVM targets many platforms, however its main focus is not machine-dependent code generation; instead a more high-level typed assembly-like intermediate representation is used. Nevertheless for the most common targets the LLVM MC (machine code) project provides an assembler both as an integrated component of the compilers and as an external tool.

  5. Assembly language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_language

    In computer programming, assembly language (alternatively assembler language [1] or symbolic machine code), [2] [3] [4] often referred to simply as assembly and commonly abbreviated as ASM or asm, is any low-level programming language with a very strong correspondence between the instructions in the language and the architecture's machine code instructions. [5]

  6. Second-generation programming language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-generation...

    Lines within a program correspond directly to processor commands, essentially acting as a mnemonic device overlaying a first generation programming language. The code can be read and written by a programmer. To run on a computer it must be converted into a machine readable form, a process called assembly. [4]

  7. Low-level programming language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-level_programming_language

    A low-level programming language is a programming language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set architecture, memory or underlying physical hardware; commands or functions in the language are structurally similar to a processor's instructions. These languages provide the programmer with full control over ...

  8. Embedded software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_software

    Embedded software is computer software, written to control machines or devices that are not typically thought of as computers, commonly known as embedded systems. It is typically specialized for the particular hardware that it runs on and has time and memory constraints. [1] This term is sometimes used interchangeably with firmware. [2]

  9. Hardware description language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_description_language

    An HDL description can also be prototyped and tested in hardware — programmable logic devices are often used for this purpose. Hardware prototyping is comparatively more expensive than HDL simulation, but offers a real-world view of the design. Prototyping is the best way to check interfacing against other hardware devices and hardware ...