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Christ Crucified by Giotto, c. 1310. According to Christian tradition, the True Cross is the cross on which Jesus of Nazareth was crucified.. It is related by numerous historical accounts and legends that Helena, the mother of Roman emperor Constantine the Great, recovered the True Cross at the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, when she travelled to the Holy Land in the years 326–328.
According to the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, the discovery of the True Cross is traditionally believed to have been in March, but Meskel was moved to September to avoid holding a festival during Lent, and because the church commemorating the True Cross in Jerusalem was dedicated during September. [6]
Xeropotamou houses numerous relics, the most prominent being the largest extant piece of the True Cross. For this reason, the monastery also celebrates a patronal feastday on September 14, the feast of the Elevation of the Holy Cross. The library contains 409 manuscripts, and about 600 printed books. Today the monastery has about 25 monks.
The Ethiopian Orthodox celebrates Meskel on 27 September (28 September in leap year) and the lodging of the pieces of the True Cross at Gishen Debre Kerbe on 1 October. [6] The church celebrates the festival on the grounds of historical background and holds it as her power and seal of salvation. [5] [7]
The belief in the Early Christian Church tradition regarding the True Cross is generally restricted to the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. The medieval legends of the True Cross provenance differ between Catholic and Eastern Orthodox tradition. These churches honour Helena as a saint, as does also the Anglican Communion. [7]
Denotes a glorification of the cross, this form was inspired by the cult of the cross that arose after Saint Helena's discovery of the True Cross in Jerusalem in 327. Popular in the Late Roman and Byzantine Empire , it was adopted by many cultures of Late Antiquity , including the Franks , Goths , and Lombards .