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Rubidium is a chemical element; it has symbol Rb and atomic number 37. It is a very soft, whitish-grey solid in the alkali metal group, similar to potassium and caesium. [9] Rubidium is the first alkali metal in the group to have a density higher than water.
Rubidium, 37 Rb; Rubidium; ... group 1: hydrogen and alkali metals: Period: period 5: Block ... E172 would be the end of period 8 ("noble gas") and E173 would be the ...
Rubidium-87 was the first and the most popular atom for making Bose–Einstein condensates in dilute atomic gases. Even though rubidium-85 is more abundant, rubidium-87 has a positive scattering length, which means it is mutually repulsive, at low temperatures. This prevents a collapse of all but the smallest condensates.
Like other alkali metal oxides, Rb 2 O is a strong base. Thus, Rb 2 O reacts exothermically with water to form rubidium hydroxide. Rb 2 O + H 2 O → 2 RbOH. So reactive is Rb 2 O toward water that it is considered hygroscopic. Upon heating, Rb 2 O reacts with hydrogen to rubidium hydroxide and rubidium hydride: [2] Rb 2 O + H 2 → RbOH + RbH
At 200° the partial pressure of Rb 2 is only 0.4%, at 400 °C it constitutes 1.6% of the pressure, and at 677 °C the dimer has 7.4% of the vapour pressure (13.8% by mass). [4] The rubidium dimer has been formed on the surface of helium nanodroplets when two rubidium atoms combine to yield the dimer: Rb + Rb → Rb 2
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Rb 2 CO 3 + 2HF → 2RbF + H 2 O + CO 2. Another possible method is to react rubidium hydroxide with ammonium fluoride: RbOH + NH 4 F → RbF + H 2 O + NH 3. The least used method due to expense of rubidium metal is to react it directly with fluorine gas, as rubidium reacts violently with halogens: [1] 2Rb + F 2 → 2RbF
Rubidium chloride is the chemical compound with the formula RbCl. This alkali metal halide salt is composed of rubidium and chlorine , and finds diverse uses ranging from electrochemistry to molecular biology .