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Silicon tetrachloride or tetrachlorosilane is the inorganic compound with the formula SiCl 4. It is a colorless volatile liquid that fumes in air. It is used to produce high purity silicon and silica for commercial applications.
1 Material Safety Data Sheet. 2 Structure and properties. 3 Thermodynamic properties. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on silicon tetrachloride.
Yields of 80-90% can be achieved. The main byproducts are silicon tetrachloride (chemical formula SiCl 4), hexachlorodisilane (Si 2 Cl 6) and dichlorosilane (H 2 SiCl 2), from which trichlorosilane can be separated by distillation. Tank car of trichlorosilane. UN number: 2988 (Chlorosilanes).
Silicon tetrachloride and trichlorosilane are intermediates in the production of ultrapure silicon in the semiconductor industry. Chlorosilanes obtained from crude silicon are purified by fractional distillation techniques and then reduced with hydrogen to give silicon of 99.999 999 999 % purity.
The rate of consumption of silicon tetrachloride is increasing due to rising demand for polysilicon around the world. Market Overview. Silicon Tetrachloride (SiClâ‚„) is a versatile chemical compound primarily used in the production of high-purity silica and optical fibers. Its applications span various high-tech industries, including ...
[15] [16] Above 420 °C (788 °F), silane decomposes into silicon and hydrogen; it can therefore be used in the chemical vapor deposition of silicon. The Si–H bond strength is around 384 kJ/mol, which is about 20% weaker than the H–H bond in H 2. Consequently, compounds containing Si–H bonds are much more reactive than is H 2.
Stock and Somieski completed the hydrolysis of dichlorosilane by putting the solution of H 2 SiCl 2 in benzene in brief contact with a large excess of water. [3] [5] A large-scale hydrolysis was done in a mixed ether/alkane solvent system at 0 °C, which gave a mixture of volatile and nonvolatile [H 2 SiO] n.
The first organosilicon compounds were reported in 1863 by Charles Friedel and James Crafts who synthesized tetraethylsilane from diethylzinc and silicon tetrachloride. [1] However, major progress in organosilicon chemistry did not occur until Frederick Kipping and his students began experimenting with diorganodichlorosilanes ( R 2 SiCl 2 ...