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Local government in Wales is primarily undertaken by the twenty-two principal councils.The councils are unitary authorities, meaning they are responsible for providing local government services within their principal area, including education, social work, environmental protection, and most highway maintenance.
From 1889 to 1974, counties made up of administrative counties and county boroughs were used for local government purposes. The counties were created by the Local Government Act 1888 (51 & 52 Vict. c. 41), which applied without distinction across Wales and England, and in Wales the administrative counties were based on the historic counties of Wales, but they were not entirely identical.
The Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 (c. 19) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which amended the Local Government Act 1972 to create the current local government structure in Wales of 22 unitary authority areas, referred to as principal areas in the Act, [1] and abolished the previous two-tier structure of counties and districts.
The later Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 restructured local government, by significantly amending the previous act. The councils of the principal areas are generally supervised by the Welsh Government. [1] [3] The names of the principal areas, in both English and Welsh, are set out in the 1994 amended version of the 1972 act, under Schedule 4.
They were established on 1 April 1996 by the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 (1994 c. 19). Eleven are styled "counties", including the cities of Cardiff and Swansea, and eleven are styled "county boroughs", including the cities of Newport and Wrexham. [1] [2] [3] The location of each council headquarters is indicated by a yellow marker.
The minister was responsible for local authorities' housing activities, homelessness, regulation of the private rented sector, regulation of commercial tenancies let by local authorities, Local Government relations and structures, the audit and inspection of public services, planning regulation, and a range of other issues. [2]
Population in Wales is concentrated in South Wales and the northeast; the remainder of the country is sparsely populated. This is a list of the 22 principal areas of Wales [1] [2] giving their most recent date of creation and the style by which they are known. The population and density are from the Office for National Statistics 2022 estimates ...
The Welsh Local Government Association was established in 1996 to represent the interests of local government in Wales. Since 1999 the WLGA has had a specific role in representing local government to the Welsh Government and the Senedd (Welsh Parliament).