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Alcohol misuse is a leading cause of both acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. [153] [154] Alcoholic pancreatitis can result in severe abdominal pain and may progress to pancreatic cancer. [155] Chronic pancreatitis often results in intestinal malabsorption, and can result in diabetes. [156]
Gastrointestinal bleeding can range from small non-visible amounts, which are only detected by laboratory testing, to massive bleeding where bright red blood is passed and shock develops. Rapid bleeding may cause syncope. [18] The presence of bright red blood in stool, known as hematochezia, typically indicates lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
This form of gastritis can occur in more than 5% of hospitalized patients. [citation needed] Also, alcohol consumption does not cause chronic gastritis. It does, however, erode the mucosal lining of the stomach; low doses of alcohol stimulate hydrochloric acid secretion. High doses of alcohol do not stimulate secretion of acid. [25]
Ingestion of isopropyl alcohol can quickly lead to alcohol posioning, vomiting, abdominal pain, and internal bleeding, while methanol causes blindness and is lethal even in small quantities, as little as 10–15 milliliters (2–3 teaspoons). [citation needed] Alcohol has a variety of short-term and long-term adverse effects.
Alcohol can exacerbate the symptoms and may directly contribute to increased severity of symptoms. The reasons for toxicity vary depending on the mixture of drugs. Usually, most victims die after using two or more drugs in combination that suppress breathing, and the low blood oxygen level causes brain death. [6]
Alcohol alters platelet response; moderate alcohol consumption can increase the amount of time bleeding by slowing down coagulation (as platelet aggregation decreases). Moreover, heavy alcohol consumption can lead to increased platelet aggregation thus increasing blood clotting and possibly leading to strokes and/or thrombosis. [13]
After binge drinking, unconsciousness can occur and extreme levels of consumption can lead to alcohol poisoning and death (a concentration in the blood stream of 0.40% will kill half of those affected [33] [medical citation needed]). Alcohol may also cause death indirectly, by asphyxiation from vomit.
Continuation of alcohol use will result in a higher risk of progression of liver disease and cirrhosis. In patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis, clinical manifestations include fever, jaundice, hepatomegaly, and possible hepatic decompensation with hepatic encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, and ascites accumulation. Tender hepatomegaly may ...