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[1] [4] Between 1919 and 1921 the pair visited mental hospitals across Germany, initially collecting over 5000 works. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 2 ] As of 2016, the collection held over 20,000 works. [ 5 ] Prinzhorn, a physician and art historian, was engaged by the hospital in 1919 specifically to improve and expand the collection.
The museum's displays include work by artists who have suffered from mental health problems, such as former patients William Kurelek, Richard Dadd and Louis Wain. Another work is a pair of statues by Caius Gabriel Cibber known as Raving and Melancholy Madness , from the gates of the 17th century Bethlem Hospital.
Emma Hauck (14 August 1878 – 1 April 1920) was a German outsider artist known for her artistic, handwritten letters to her husband while she was institutionalized in a mental hospital. Though these letters were never delivered, they have since come to be regarded as works of art due to their abstraction and repetitive content.
These were characterized by "pronounced increases in enthusiasm, energy, self-confidence, speed of mental association, fluency of thought and elevated mood". [31] Although mania is characterized by reckless and possibly self-destructive behavior, in milder forms, the energy and free-flowing thinking of mania can fuel creativity. [32]
In the history of mental health treatment, art therapy (combining studies of psychology and art) is still a relatively new field. This type of unconventional therapy is used to cultivate self-esteem and awareness, improve cognitive and motor abilities, resolve conflicts or stress, and inspire resilience in patients. [3]
Disability art is a concept which was developed out of the disability arts movement. [7] In the disability arts movement disability art stood for "art made by disabled people which reflects the experience of disability." [8] To be making disability art in the disability arts movement it is conditional on being a person with a disability.
The Rehabilitation Centre is the flagship of the institution. The Centre provides an onsite adult basic education, computer literacy, piggery, carpentry, leather works, garden projects, sewing and art work. The Art Work project jointly runs an exhibition with Fort England Psychiatric Hospital at the Grahamstown National Arts Festival.
In 1996, a new, state-of-the-art, $90 million Whitby Mental Health Centre became the first public psychiatric hospital to be built in North America in 25 years. [3] The facility was designed with eight interconnected buildings, separated by accessible landscaped courtyards and linked by a 1,400 foot interior corridor.