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  2. 64-bit computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/64-bit_computing

    However, most 32-bit applications will work well. 64-bit users are forced to install a virtual machine of a 16- or 32-bit operating system to run 16-bit applications or use one of the alternatives for NTVDM. [40] Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger" and Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard" had only a 32-bit kernel, but they can run 64-bit user-mode code on 64-bit processors.

  3. 32-bit computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/32-bit_computing

    For example, the Pentium Pro processor is a 32-bit machine, with 32-bit registers and instructions that manipulate 32-bit quantities, but the external address bus is 36 bits wide, giving a larger address space than 4 GB, and the external data bus is 64 bits wide, primarily in order to permit a more efficient prefetch of instructions and data. [7]

  4. x86-64 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64

    AMD64 (also variously referred to by AMD in their literature and documentation as “AMD 64-bit Technology” and “AMD x86-64 Architecture”) was created as an alternative to the radically different IA-64 architecture designed by Intel and Hewlett-Packard, which was backward-incompatible with IA-32, the 32-bit version of the x86 architecture.

  5. Long mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_mode

    An x86-64 processor acts identically to an IA-32 processor when running in real mode or protected mode, which are supported modes when the processor is not in long mode.. A bit in the CPUID extended attributes field informs programs in real or protected modes if the processor can go to long mode, which allows a program to detect an x86-64 processor.

  6. x86 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86

    The 64-bit extensions to the x86 architecture were enabled only in the newly introduced long mode, therefore 32-bit and 16-bit applications and operating systems could simply continue using an AMD64 processor in protected or other modes, without even the slightest sacrifice of performance [49] and with full compatibility back to the original ...

  7. AArch64 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AArch64

    64-bit Addressing: AArch64 allows the Cortex-R82 to address a much larger memory space compared to its 32-bit predecessors, making it suitable for applications requiring extensive memory. Example : A complex industrial automation system can utilize the expanded address space to manage large data sets and buffers more efficiently, improving ...

  8. Double-precision floating-point format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-precision_floating...

    Sign bit: 1 bit; Exponent: 11 bits; Significand precision: 53 bits (52 explicitly stored) The sign bit determines the sign of the number (including when this number is zero, which is signed). The exponent field is an 11-bit unsigned integer from 0 to 2047, in biased form: an exponent value of 1023 represents the actual zero. Exponents range ...

  9. WoW64 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WoW64

    In computing on Microsoft platforms, WoW64 (Windows 32-bit on Windows 64-bit) is a subsystem of the Windows operating system capable of running 32-bit applications on 64-bit Windows. [1] It is included in all 64-bit versions of Windows, except in Windows Server Server Core where it is an optional component, and Windows Nano Server where it is ...