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In the fossil fuel industries, hydrocarbon refers to naturally occurring petroleum, natural gas and coal, or their hydrocarbon derivatives and purified forms. Combustion of hydrocarbons is the main source of the world's energy. Petroleum is the dominant raw-material source for organic commodity chemicals such as solvents and polymers.
Paraffinic hydrocarbons are part of the alkane series, [10] and are the most common hydrocarbon found in crude oil. [11] Paraffins are often a part of gasoline, making them comparatively more valuable. [11] Paraffinic hydrocarbons are also known as alkanes, and are represented by the formula C n H 2n+2, where n is a positive integer. [12]
These specifications are published by the Gas Processors Association (GPA) [10] and the American Society of Testing and Materials. [11] Propane/butane blends are also listed in these specifications. Propylene, butylenes and various other hydrocarbons are usually also present in small concentrations such as C 2 H 6, CH 4, and C 3 H 8.
Download QR code; Print/export ... Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons; ... Tetradecane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical ...
Petroleum consists of a variety of liquid, gaseous, and solid components. Lighter hydrocarbons are the gases methane, ethane, propane and butane. Otherwise, the bulk of the liquid and solids are largely heavier organic compounds, often hydrocarbons (C and H only). The proportion of light hydrocarbons in the petroleum mixture varies among oil ...
1.122 064 990 122 11 × 10 37: C 82 H 166: n-dooctacontane 83 2.150 278 094 747 97 × 10 32: 3.578 584 997 560 67 × 10 37: C 83 H 168: n-trioctacontane 84 5.875 317 238 265 77 × 10 32: 1.141 724 657 744 27 × 10 38: C 84 H 170: n-tetraoctacontane 85 1.605 913 778 494 71 × 10 33: 3.643 883 155 873 11 × 10 38: C 85 H 172: n-pentaoctacontane ...
Alkenes cause instability of hydrocarbon fuels. [9] Fluid catalytic cracking is a commonly used process, and a modern oil refinery will typically include a cat cracker, particularly at refineries in the US, due to the high demand for gasoline. [10] [11] [12] The process was first used around 1942 and employs a powdered catalyst. During WWII ...
Many measurements of hydrocarbon content in sample rocks have been done at atmospheric pressure. This ignores the loss of large amounts of hydrocarbons during depressurization. Rock samples at atmospheric pressure have been measured at 0.11–2.13 percent of samples at formation pressure.