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as a result, even if the CRC is encrypted with a stream cipher that uses XOR as its combining operation (or mode of block cipher which effectively turns it into a stream cipher, such as OFB or CFB), both the message and the associated CRC can be manipulated without knowledge of the encryption key; this was one of the well-known design flaws of ...
One of the most commonly encountered CRC polynomials is known as CRC-32, used by (among others) Ethernet, FDDI, ZIP and other archive formats, and PNG image format. Its polynomial can be written msbit-first as 0x04C11DB7, or lsbit-first as 0xEDB88320.
A CRC has properties that make it well suited for detecting burst errors. CRCs are particularly easy to implement in hardware and are therefore commonly used in computer networks and storage devices such as hard disk drives. The parity bit can be seen as a special-case 1-bit CRC.
These inversions are extremely common but not universally performed, even in the case of the CRC-32 or CRC-16-CCITT polynomials. They are almost always included when sending variable-length messages, but often omitted when communicating fixed-length messages, as the problem of added zero bits is less likely to arise.
CRAN—Comprehensive R Archive Network; CRC—Cyclic redundancy check; CRLF—Carriage return line feed; CRM—Customer Relationship Management; CRS—Computer Reservations System; CRT—Cathode-ray tube; CRUD—Create, read, update and delete; CS—Cable Select; CS—Computer Science; CSE—Computer science and engineering; CSI—Common System ...
In computer networking, an Ethernet frame is a data link layer protocol data unit and uses the underlying Ethernet physical layer transport mechanisms. In other words, a data unit on an Ethernet link transports an Ethernet frame as its payload.
Name Length Type Pearson hashing: 8 bits (or more) XOR/table Paul Hsieh's SuperFastHash [1]: 32 bits Buzhash: variable XOR/table Fowler–Noll–Vo hash function
Computer network engineering is a technology discipline within engineering that deals with the design, implementation, and management of computer networks. These systems contain both physical components, such as routers , switches, cables, and some logical elements, such as protocols and network services .