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Spotted Tail was born about 1823 in the White River country west of the Missouri River in present-day South Dakota. He was given the birth name of Jumping Buffalo. [8] Two of his sisters, Iron Between Horns and Kills Enemy, were married to the elder Crazy Horse (later known as "Worm"), in what was traditional Sioux practice for elite men.
On August 5, 1881 he shot and killed Spotted Tail, a Lakota chief; there are different accounts of the background to the killing. The tribal council dealt with the incident according to Sioux tradition, and Crow Dog paid restitution to the dead man's family.
[35] The trial was viewed at the time as a sham, [fn 9] and despite testimonies from Indian witnesses stating that Spotted Tail had killed a rival once before, [fn 10] that Spotted Tail drew a pistol on Crow Dog, and that Spotted Tail's intention was to kill Crow Dog, [38] Crow Dog was convicted and sentenced to be hanged on May 11, 1882. [39]
The Sichangu Sioux warriors, led by Spotted Tail, then a rising war chief within their people, quickly killed Grattan, 11 of his men, and the interpreter. [10] A group of some 18 soldiers retreated on foot trying to reach some rocks for defense, but they were cut off and killed by overcoming warriors led by Red Cloud , [ citation needed ] a ...
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Death row inmates who have exhausted their appeals by county. An inmate is considered to have exhausted their appeals if their sentence has fully withstood the appellate process; this involves either the individual's conviction and death sentence withstanding each stage of the appellate process or them waiving a part of the appellate process if a court has found them competent to do so.
The Supreme Court in 2017 ruled for a Black death row inmate who was sentenced after an expert witness testified he was statistically more likely to act violently in the future because of his race ...
The Major Crimes Act was passed by Congress in response to the Supreme Court of the United States's ruling in Ex parte Crow Dog (109 U.S. 556 (1883)) that overturned the federal court conviction of Brule Lakota sub-chief Crow Dog for the murder of principal chief Spotted Tail on the Rosebud Indian Reservation. [3]