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taru-adjectives do not predicate a sentence (they cannot end a sentence, as verbs and i-adjectives can) or take the copula (as na-adjectives and nouns can), but must modify a noun or verb. Note that sometimes na -adjectives take a 〜と, and Japanese sound symbolisms generally take a (sometimes optional) 〜と, though these are different word ...
The current term for the so-called "adjectiveal nouns" is keiyō dōshi (形容動詞).Here, keiyō (形容, lit. ' form ' or ' figure ' or ' appearance ' or ' description ') refers to the semantic aspect of these words as qualifying the state or condition of a noun (名詞, meishi); and dōshi (動詞, lit.
There are many suffixes that can be used to create nouns. Huddleston (2002) provides a thorough list that is split into two main sections: person/instrument nominalizations and action/state/process nominalizations. An especially common case of verbs being used as nouns is the addition of the suffix -ing, known in English as a gerund.
adjectival nouns (形容動詞, keiyō dōshi) (names vary, also called na-adjectives or "nominal adjectives") verbs; adjectives (形容詞, keiyōshi) (so-called i-adjectives) More broadly, there are two classes: uninflectable (nouns, including verbal nouns and adjectival nouns) and inflectable (verbs, with adjectives as defective verbs).
Other noun-as-verb usages include "I can keyboard that for you," "We need to scissor expenses," and "Desk him." Other substitutions could include an adjective used as a noun, as in "She dove into the foaming wet," interjection as verb, as in "Don't aha me!" a verb as a noun, as in "Help! I need some eat!" and so on. [1] [2]
Many adjectives have become verbs, including adjectives based on Latin passive participles, such as "separate". Usually, at least now, there is a pronunciation difference between the adjective and the verb. (Later this was extended to forming verbs from Latin passive participles even if they were not used as adjectives.) [2] [3]
In Japanese, there are three main grammatical structures with gerund-like functions: first, turning verbs into nouns is achieved, depending on the type of verb and other factors, by using either the conjunctive form (-masu form) [21] or the nominalization particles no and koto.
Here eating is a present participle; the verb phrase eating a cake serves as an adjective, modifying him. Trying to succeed makes success more likely. Here trying is a gerund; the verb phrase trying to succeed serves as a noun, the subject of the main verb makes. He hurt his knee trying to get over the fence.