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Along with the descendants of the other Four Sages (Confucius, Mencius, Zengzi, and Yan Hui), the descendants of Confucius still determine part of their children's given names using this generation poem given to them by the Ming dynasty Jianwen Emperor and extended by later emperors: [45]
The teaching of Confucius consist of five basic relationships in life: Ruler to subject; Parent to child; Husband to wife; Elder brother to younger brother; Friend to friend; In the above relationships, Confucius teaches that righteous, considerate, kind, benevolent, and gentle treatment should be applied by the former to the latter.
The book contains a divination system comparable to Western geomancy or the West African Ifá system. In Western cultures and modern East Asia, it is still widely used for this purpose. Spring and Autumn Annals A historical record of the State of Lu, Confucius's native state, 722–481 BC attributed to Confucius.
The topics covered by the Kongzi Jiayu include Confucius' detailed ancestry, his parents, his birth, episodes and events from his life, and his sayings. [7] His disciples also feature prominently, including one section devoted entirely to Yan Hui, Confucius' favourite. [8] In all, 76 disciples are mentioned by name. [2]
This is illustrated through the five main relationships Confucius interpreted to be the core of society: ruler-subject, father-son, husband-wife, elder brother-younger brother, and friend-friend. In these bonds, the latter must pay respect to and serve the former, while the former is bound to care for the latter. [6] [7]
Kong He, known as Shuliang He, married his first wife Lady Shi.She gave birth to nine daughters but no sons. Later, he married a concubine and gave birth to a son, called Kong Pi, courtesy name Meng Pi, who was said to have deformities in his feet and could not become his father's heir.
Confucius's moral system was based upon empathy and understanding others, rather than divinely ordained rules. To develop one's spontaneous responses of rén so that these could guide action intuitively was even better than living by the rules of yì. Confucius asserts that virtue is a mean between extremes.
Yan Hui was Confucius' favorite disciple. [3] "After I got Yan Hui," Confucius remarked, "the disciples came closer to me." [2] [4] [5] We are told that once, when he found himself on the Nang hill with Yan Hui, Zilu, and Zigong, Confucius asked them to tell him their different aims, and he would choose between them. Zilu began, and when he had ...