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  2. Antifreeze - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifreeze

    An antifreeze mixture is used to achieve freezing-point depression for cold environments. Common antifreezes also increase the boiling point of the liquid, allowing higher coolant temperature. [ 1 ] However, all common antifreeze additives also have lower heat capacities than water, and do reduce water's ability to act as a coolant when added ...

  3. Ethylene glycol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_glycol

    Ethylene glycol (IUPAC name: ethane-1,2-diol) is an organic compound (a vicinal diol [7]) with the formula (CH 2 OH) 2.It is mainly used for two purposes: as a raw material in the manufacture of polyester fibers and for antifreeze formulations.

  4. Ethylene glycol poisoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_glycol_poisoning

    Antifreeze products for automotive use containing propylene glycol in place of ethylene glycol are available, and are generally considered safer to use, as it possesses an unpleasant taste in contrast to the perceived "sweet" taste of toxic ethylene glycol-based coolants, and produces only lactic acid in an animal's body, as their muscles do ...

  5. Antifreeze protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifreeze_protein

    Unlike the widely used automotive antifreeze, ethylene glycol, AFPs do not lower freezing point in proportion to concentration. [citation needed] Rather, they work in a noncolligative manner. This phenomenon allows them to act as an antifreeze at concentrations 1/300th to 1/500th of those of other dissolved solutes.

  6. Coolant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coolant

    It is usually used with additives, like corrosion inhibitors and antifreeze. Antifreeze, a solution of a suitable organic chemical (most often ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, or propylene glycol) in water, is used when the water-based coolant has to withstand temperatures below 0 °C, or when its boiling point has to be raised.

  7. Cryoprotectant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoprotectant

    A cryoprotectant is a substance used to protect biological tissue from freezing damage (i.e. that due to ice formation). Arctic and Antarctic insects, fish and amphibians create cryoprotectants (antifreeze compounds and antifreeze proteins) in their bodies to minimize freezing damage during cold winter periods.