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A nuclear pore is a channel as part of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), a large protein complex found in the nuclear envelope of eukaryotic cells. The nuclear envelope (NE) surrounds the cell nucleus containing DNA and facilitates the selective membrane transport of various molecules. The nuclear pore complex predominantly consists of proteins ...
The nucleoplasm, also known as karyoplasm, [1] is the type of protoplasm that makes up the cell nucleus, the most prominent organelle of the eukaryotic cell. It is enclosed by the nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane. [2] The nucleoplasm resembles the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell in that it is a gel-like substance found within ...
Chromatin. The major structures in DNA compaction: DNA, the nucleosome, the 11 nm beads on a string chromatin fibre and the metaphase chromosome. Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic cells. [1] The primary function is to package long DNA molecules into more compact, denser structures.
Nuclear envelope. The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, [1][a] is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes that in eukaryotic cells surround the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material. The nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayer membranes: an inner nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane. [4]
Nuclear organization refers to the spatial distribution of chromatin within a cell nucleus. There are many different levels and scales of nuclear organisation. Chromatin is a higher order structure of DNA. At the smallest scale, DNA is packaged into units called nucleosomes. The quantity and organisation of these nucleosomes can affect the ...
Nuclear matrix. In biology, the nuclear matrix is the network of fibres found throughout the inside of a cell nucleus after a specific method of chemical extraction. According to some it is somewhat analogous to the cell cytoskeleton. In contrast to the cytoskeleton, however, the nuclear matrix has been proposed to be a dynamic structure.
The perinucleolar compartment (PNC) is a subnuclear body characterized by its location at the periphery of the nucleolus. [1] The PNC participates in the patterned compartmentalization inside the nucleus to organize the specialized functions. It is almost exclusively found in oncogenic cells and enriched with RNA binding proteins as well as RNA ...
Nucleoporins, a family of around 30 proteins, are the main components of the nuclear pore complex in eukaryotic cells. Nucleoporin 62 is the most abundant member of this family. [2] Nucleoporins are able to transport molecules across the nuclear envelope at a very high rate. A single NPC is able to transport 60,000 protein molecules across the ...