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The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine [3] in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In mammals, it may be the principal site for iron absorption. The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest part of the small intestine. In human beings, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about ...
While the first part of the large intestine is responsible for the absorption of water and other substances from the chyme, the main function of the descending colon is to store waste until it can be removed from the body in solid form, when a person has a bowel movement. The stools gradually solidify as they move along into the descending ...
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with the other type being Crohn's disease. [1] It is a long-term condition that results in inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum. [1][7] The primary symptoms of active disease are abdominal pain and diarrhea mixed with blood (hematochezia). [1]
Duodenal cancer. Duodenal cancer is a cancer in the first section of the small intestine known as the duodenum. Cancer of the duodenum is relatively rare compared to stomach cancer and colorectal cancer. Its histology is usually adenocarcinoma. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), Gardner syndrome, Lynch syndrome, Muir–Torre syndrome, celiac ...
Diverticulitis, also called colonic diverticulitis, is a gastrointestinal disease characterized by inflammation of abnormal pouches— diverticula —that can develop in the wall of the large intestine. [1] Symptoms typically include lower abdominal pain of sudden onset, but the onset may also occur over a few days. [1]
Gastrointestinal diseases (abbrev. GI diseases or GI illnesses) refer to diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, namely the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum; and the accessory organs of digestion, the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Deaths due to digestive diseases per million persons in 2012.
Colic flexures. In the anatomy of the human digestive tract, there are two colic flexures, or curvatures in the transverse colon. The right colic flexure is also known as the hepatic flexure, and the left colic flexure is also known as the splenic flexure. [1] Note that "right" refers to the patient's anatomical right, which may be depicted on ...
The major duodenal papilla is situated in the second part of the duodenum, 7–10 cm from the pylorus, at the level of the second or third lumbar vertebrae. It is surrounded by the sphincter of Oddi , a circular muscle, and receives a mixture of pancreatic enzymes and bile from the Ampulla of Vater , which drains both the pancreatic duct and ...