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A chord is in close harmony (also called close position or close structure [1]) if its notes are arranged within a narrow range, usually with no more than an octave between the top and bottom notes. In contrast, a chord is in open harmony (also called open position or open structure [ 1 ] ) if there is more than an octave between the top and ...
The implementation of chords using particular tunings is a defining part of the literature on guitar chords, which is omitted in the abstract musical-theory of chords for all instruments. For example, in the guitar (like other stringed instruments but unlike the piano ), open-string notes are not fretted and so require less hand-motion.
M3 simplifies the voicing of chords in close harmony, but it makes certain common voicings in open harmony more difficult, or even impossible; M3 facilitates moving 3- and 4-note chords up or down an octave, but it makes the fingerings for 5- and 6-note multi-octave chords more complex and awkward.
Close harmony and open harmony use close position and open position chords, respectively. See: Voicing (music) and Close and open harmony. Other types of harmony are based upon the intervals of the chords used in that harmony. Most chords in western music are based on "tertian" harmony, or chords built with the interval of thirds.
Triads (or any other tertian chords) are built by superimposing every other note of a diatonic scale (e.g., standard major or minor scale). For example, a C major triad uses the notes C–E–G. This spells a triad by skipping over D and F. While the interval from each note to the one above it is a third, the quality of those thirds varies ...
According to Riemann the chord is derived through Leittonwechselklänge (German, literally: "leading-tone changing sounds"), sometimes called gegenklang or "contrast chord", abbreviated Tl in major and tL in minor, [6] or, in German literature, abbreviated Tg in major and tG in minor (standing for "Gegenklang" or "Gegenparallel") [citation needed].
The fourth degree in major may be substituted for a seventh chord to create a "bluesy" sound. In a progression going up a fourth, if the first chord is a minor seventh chord, it can also be substituted for a seventh chord; a relative second degree can also be added before it to create a ii–V–I turnaround. (A sole minor seventh or seventh ...
A block chord is a chord or voicing built directly below the melody either on the strong beats or to create a four-part harmonized melody line in "locked-hands" [1] rhythmic unison with the melody, as opposed to broken chords. This latter style, known as shearing voicing, was popularized by George Shearing, but originated with Phil Moore. [1]