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ISO 11940 is an ISO standard for the transliteration of Thai characters, published in 1998, updated in September 2003, and confirmed in 2008. An extension to this standard, named ISO 11940-2 , defines a simplified transcription based on it.
The Royal Thai General System of Transcription (RTGS) is the official [1] [2] system for rendering Thai words in the Latin alphabet. It was published by the Royal Institute of Thailand in early 1917, when Thailand was called Siam .
The international standard ISO 11940 is a transliteration system, preserving all aspects of written Thai adding diacritics to the Roman letters. Its extension ISO 11940-2 defines a simplified transcription reflecting the spoken language. It is almost identical to RTGS. Libraries in English-speaking countries use the ALA-LC Romanization.
Thai จันทร์ (spelled chanthr but pronounced chan /tɕān/ because the th and the r are silent) "moon" (Sanskrit चन्द्र chandra) Thai phonology dictates that all syllables must end in a vowel, an approximant, a nasal, or a voiceless plosive. Therefore, the letter written may not have the same pronunciation in the initial ...
ISO 11940-2 is an ISO standard for a transliteration system of the Thai language into Latin characters. The full standard ISO 11940-2:2007 includes pronunciation rules and conversion tables of Thai consonants and vowels. It is a sequel to ISO 11940, describing a way to transform its transliteration into a broad transcription.
Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus trans-+ liter-) in predictable ways, such as Greek α → a , Cyrillic д → d , Greek χ → the digraph ch , Armenian ն → n or Latin æ → ae .
There are some Thai words which are transcribed into equivalent characters of Thai language e.g. format ฟอร์แมท (f-ฟ o-อ r-ร m-ม a-แ t-ต), lesbian เลสเบียน (l-ล e-เ s-ส b-บ ia-เอีย n-น) etc. These words are transcribed with rules made by the Royal Institute.
The methodology of the Dictionary Revision Commission (DRC) of the RIT has remained virtually unchanged for more than 70 years. The RID is produced by the DRC which is a relatively small group of experienced Thai scholars, convening at least once per week and working through the previous edition of the dictionary alphabetically, reviewing it entry by entry and sense by sense, suggesting new ...