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The increased concentration of dopamine in the synapse activates post-synaptic dopamine receptors, which makes the drug rewarding and promotes the compulsive use of cocaine. [111] Cocaine affects certain serotonin (5-HT) receptors; in particular, it has been shown to antagonize the 5-HT 3 receptor, which is a ligand-gated ion channel.
Monoamine transporters are established targets for many pharmacological agents that affect brain function, including the psychostimulants cocaine and amphetamine. Cocaine and amphetamine employ different mechanisms that both result in an increase in extracellular monoamines by decreasing reuptake.
Illegal drugs such as cocaine and MDMA also affect dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Norepinephrine is synthesized by the body from the amino acid tyrosine, [3] and is used in the synthesis of epinephrine, which is a stimulating neurotransmitter of the central nervous system. [4]
Cocaine is a relatively "balanced" inhibitor, although facilitation of dopaminergic neurotransmission is what has been linked to the reinforcing and addictive effects. In addition, cocaine has some serious limitations in terms of its cardiotoxicity [188] due to its local anesthetic activity. Thousands of cocaine users are admitted to emergency ...
Beside topical affect, this gives cocaine an affinity for binding to sites on the dopamine and serotonin sodium dependent transport areas that are distinct & specific to MAT in contrast to the general sodium channels; creating a separate mechanism of relational affinity to the transporters in addition to its inhibition of the reuptake for those ...
Pink cocaine also often includes both depressants and stimulants. Potential side effects can vary but may include confusion, hallucination, strange thoughts, agitation, and feelings of sickness ...
DRIs may be divisible into two different types with different effects: (1) typical or conventional DRIs like cocaine, WIN-35428 (β-CFT), and methylphenidate that produce potent psychostimulant, euphoric, and reinforcing effects; and (2) atypical DRIs like vanoxerine (GBR-12909), modafinil, benztropine, and bupropion, which do not produce such effects or have greatly reduced such effects. [11]
TikTokers, news outlets and Twitter feeds are buzzing over ‘cocaine sharks,’ with most out-of-staters dubbing it “another reason not to go to Florida.” 'Cocaine sharks' probably aren't as ...