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The human action cycle describes how humans may form goals and then develop a series of steps required to achieve that goal, using the computer system. The user then executes the steps, thus the model includes both cognitive activities and physical activities.
A User Interface Management System (UIMS) is a mechanism for cleanly separating process or business logic from Graphical user interface (GUI) code in a computer program. [1] UIMS are designed to support N-tier architectures by strictly defining and enforcing the boundary between the business logic and the GUI.
The Pattern Languages of Programming Conference (annual, 1994—) proceedings includes many examples of domain-specific patterns. Applying a pattern language approach to interaction design was first suggested in Norman and Draper's book User Centered System Design (1986). The Apple Computer's Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines also quotes ...
The gulf of evaluation stands for the psychological gap that must be crossed to interpret a user interface display, following the steps: interface → perception → interpretation → evaluation. Both "gulfs" were first mentioned in Donald Norman 's 1986 book User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-computer Interaction.
Object–action interface, also abbreviated as OAI, is an extension to the graphical user interface, especially related to direct manipulation user interface and it can help to create better human–computer interfaces and increase the usability of a product. There are basically two similar models regarding OAI. [citation needed]
The Reactable musical instrument, an example of a tangible user interface. The user interface or human–machine interface is the part of the machine that handles the human–machine interaction. Membrane switches, rubber keypads and touchscreens are examples of the physical part of the Human Machine Interface which we can see and touch.
A browser window allows the user to view and navigate through a collection of items, such as files or web pages. Web browsers are an example of these types of windows. Text terminal windows present a character-based, command-driven text user interfaces within the overall graphical interface. MS-DOS and Unix consoles are examples of these types ...
User interface design has been a topic of considerable research, including on its aesthetics. [11] Standards have been developed as far back as the 1980s for defining the usability of software products. One of the structural bases has become the IFIP user interface reference model. The model proposes four dimensions to structure the user interface: