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Manganese(II) oxide is an inorganic compound with chemical formula MnO. [2] It forms green crystals. The compound is produced on a large scale as a component of fertilizers and food additives .
The most prominent example of Mn in the +6 oxidation state is the green anion manganate, [MnO 4] 2−. Manganate salts are intermediates in the extraction of manganese from its ores. Compounds with oxidation states +5 are somewhat elusive, and often found associated to an oxide (O 2−) or nitride (N 3−) ligand. [29]
In a classical laboratory demonstration, heating a mixture of potassium chlorate and manganese dioxide produces oxygen gas. Manganese dioxide also catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water: 2 H 2 O 2 → 2 H 2 O + O 2. Manganese dioxide decomposes above about 530 °C to manganese(III) oxide and oxygen.
Manganese(II,III) oxide is the chemical compound with formula Mn 3 O 4. Manganese is present in two oxidation states +2 and +3 and the formula is sometimes written as MnO · Mn 2 O 3 . Mn 3 O 4 is found in nature as the mineral hausmannite .
The oxidation states are also maintained in articles of the elements (of course), and systematically in the table {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state}} See also [ edit ]
Manganese oxide is any of a variety of manganese oxides and hydroxides. [1] These include Manganese(II) oxide, MnO; Manganese(II,III) oxide, Mn 3 O 4; Manganese(III) oxide, Mn 2 O 3; Manganese dioxide, MnO 2; Manganese(VI) oxide, MnO 3; Manganese(VII) oxide, Mn 2 O 7; Other manganese oxides include Mn 5 O 8, Mn 7 O 12 and Mn 7 O 13.
For example, if the manganese in [HMnO 4] − has an oxidation state of +6 and nE° = 4, and in MnO 2 the oxidation state is +4 and nE° = 0, then the slope Δy/Δx is 4/2 = 2, yielding a standard potential of +2. The stability of any terms can be similarly found by this graph.
The chemical chameleon reaction shows the process in reverse, by reducing violet potassium permanganate first to green potassium manganate and eventually to brown manganese dioxide: [1] [2] [5] KMnO 4 (violet) → K 2 MnO 4 (green) → MnO 2 (brown/yellow suspension) Blue potassium hypomanganate may also form as an intermediate. [6]