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Physiognomy of the melancholic temperament (drawing by Thomas Holloway, c.1789, made for Johann Kaspar Lavater's Essays on Physiognomy). Melancholia or melancholy (from Greek: µέλαινα χολή melaina chole, [1] meaning black bile) [2] is a concept found throughout ancient, medieval, and premodern medicine in Europe that describes a condition characterized by markedly depressed mood ...
The following three sections proceed in a similarly exhaustive fashion: the first section focuses on the causes and symptoms of "common" melancholies, the second section deals with cures for melancholy, and the third section explores more complex and esoteric melancholies, including the melancholy of lovers and all manner of religious melancholies.
The term pessimism derives from the Latin word pessimus, meaning 'the worst'.It was first used by Jesuit critics of Voltaire's 1759 novel Candide, ou l'Optimisme.Voltaire was satirizing the philosophy of Leibniz who maintained that this was the 'best (optimum) of all possible worlds'.
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Melancholia and melancholy had been used interchangeably until the 19th century, but the former came to refer to a pathological condition and the latter to a temperament. [3] The term depression was derived from the Latin verb deprimere, "to press down". [12] From the 14th century, "to depress" meant to subjugate or to bring down in spirits.
The concept of "humors" may have origins in Ancient Egyptian medicine, [1] or Mesopotamia, [2] though it was not systemized until ancient Greek thinkers. The word humor is a translation of Greek χυμός, [3] chymos (literally 'juice' or 'sap', metaphorically 'flavor').
Drake's concert came only two days after Lamar, 37, took home five gramophones, including song of the year and record of the year, at the 2025 Grammy Awards on Feb. 2.
Two friends going through the same thing at the same time are bound to be closer, and words will get lost in translation. "In texting (vs in-person relationships), even very good friends may be ...