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Gaelic uses possessive determiners (corresponding to my, your, their, etc.) differently from English. In Gaelic, possessive determiners are used mostly to indicate inalienable possession, for example for body parts or family members. As indicated in the following table, some possessive determiners lenite the following word.
Similarly, if the object of the verbal noun is a pronoun, then it is a possessive pronoun: Tá sé á phlé. "He's discussing it." (lit.: He is at its (i.e. the bicycle's) discussing) More examples: Tá sí do mo bhualadh. "She's hitting me." Tá siad do do phlé. "They are discussing you." Tá sé á pógadh. "He's kissing her." Tá tú dár ...
Irish orthography is the set of conventions used to write Irish.A spelling reform in the mid-20th century led to An Caighdeán Oifigiúil, the modern standard written form used by the Government of Ireland, which regulates both spelling and grammar. [1]
Class B pronouns are used after preverbs historically ending in consonants. They are characterized by starting with /d/, spelled as t or d (the forms beginning with t in the below table can also be sometimes spelled with d) and their irregular fusions with their preverbs. Class C pronouns are used with verbs within a nasalized subordinate clause.
Scottish Gaelic orthography has evolved over many centuries and is heavily etymologizing in its modern form. This means the orthography tends to preserve historical components rather than operating on the principles of a phonemic orthography where the graphemes correspond directly to phonemes .
Possessive determiners commonly have similar forms to personal pronouns. In addition, they have corresponding possessive pronouns, which are also phonetically similar. The following chart shows the English, German, [13] and French personal pronouns, possessive determiners and possessive pronouns.
The vocative is used in direct address, and is always preceded by the particle a, which triggers lenition (the vocative particle is not pronounced before a vowel sound). The first declension is the only declension in which the vocative is distinct from the nominative.
a haois "her age" (after possessive pronoun a "her"; compare with a aois, "his age" and a n-aois, "their age" with regular urú) go hÉirinn "to Ireland" (after preposition go "to, towards") le hAntaine "with Antaine" (after preposition le "with") na hoíche "of the night" (on feminine singular genitive noun after definite article)