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Extensive networks of stromules interconnecting leucoplasts have been observed in epidermal cells of roots, hypocotyls, and petals, and in callus and suspension culture cells of tobacco. In some cell types at certain stages of development, leucoplasts are clustered around the nucleus with stromules extending to the cell periphery, as observed ...
Examples of plastids include chloroplasts (used for photosynthesis); chromoplasts (used for synthesis and storage of pigments); leucoplasts (non-pigmented plastids, some of which can differentiate); and apicoplasts (non-photosynthetic plastids of apicomplexa derived from secondary endosymbiosis).
From leucoplasts stems the subtype, proteinoplasts, which contain proteins for storage. They contain crystalline bodies of protein and can be the sites of enzyme activity involving those proteins. Proteinoplasts are found in many seeds, such as brazil nuts , peanuts and pulses .
Starch derivatives are used in many cooking recipes, for example in noodles, wine gums, cocktail nuts, potato chips, extruded snacks, battered french fries, hot dog sausages, bakery cream, processed cheese, cheese analogue and instant soups and sauces, in gluten-free recipes, [3] in kosher foods for Passover [4] and in Asian cuisine. [5]
A plastid is a membrane-bound organelle found in plants, algae and other eukaryotic organisms that contribute to the production of pigment molecules. Most plastids are photosynthetic, thus leading to color production and energy storage or production.
A diagram showing the different types of plastid. Amyloplasts are thought to play a vital role in gravitropism.Statoliths, a specialized starch-accumulating amyloplast, are denser than cytoplasm, and are able to settle to the bottom of the gravity-sensing cell, called a statocyte. [5]
Like most leucoplasts, elaioplasts are non-pigmented organelles capable of alternating between the different forms of plastids.The elaioplast specifically is primarily responsible for the storage and metabolism of lipids, [5] among these roles, recent studies have shown that these organelles participate in the formation of terpenes and fatty acids.
A stromule is a microscopic structure found in plant cells.Stromules (stroma-filled tubules) are highly dynamic structures extending from the surface of all plastid types, including proplastids, chloroplasts, etioplasts, leucoplasts, amyloplasts, and chromoplasts.