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The Church of Scientology is a group of interconnected corporate entities and other organizations devoted to the practice, administration and dissemination of Scientology, which is variously defined as a cult, a business, or a new religious movement. [7]
While "Scientology" generally refers to the David Miscavige-led Church of Scientology, other groups are practicing Scientology. These groups, collectively known as the Free Zone or as Independent Scientologists, consist of both former members of the Church of Scientology and new followers of the movement. In 1965, a longtime Church member and ...
The Church of Scientology is hostile to the Free Zone, and refers to such independent Scientologists as "squirrels", In 1983, the Advanced Ability Center was founded by David Mayo in California, but was successfully shut down by the Church of Scientology. Conversely, still operating in 2023 is Ron's Org in Europe, founded in 1984 by Bill ...
Since its inception in 1954, the Church of Scientology has been involved in a number of controversies, including its stance on psychiatry, Scientology's legitimacy as a religion, the Church's aggressive attitude in dealing with its perceived enemies and critics, [1] [2] allegations of mistreatment of members, and predatory financial practices; [3] for example, the high cost of religious ...
Some adherents of the belief system of Scientology practice independently in what is often referred to as free zone Scientology. The Church of Scientology organization claims "SCIENTOLOGIST is a collective membership mark indicating membership in a church and church membership services of the affiliated Scientology churches and missions." [1]
Church of Scientology was incorporated in California on February 18, 1954. Two years later it was officially renamed to Church of Scientology of California on June 19, 1956. That corporation was restated in August 1982, dissolved on December 30, 2002, and terminated with the California Secretary of State on November 18, 2004.
Melton deals with the history and development of Scientology, covering such matters as church's structure and organization, ethics, and nonprofit initiatives.He also deals with the church's views regarding religious freedom and human rights, as well as its members efforts to win their own religious freedom and human rights. [1]
The church also owns historic buildings, including the 1927 hotel Château Élysée, remodeled as the Celebrity Center International, the 1923 Christie Hotel on Hollywood Boulevard which is now the Church of Scientology Information Center, a community center in South L.A., (a 1930s art deco building), and the Braley building in Pasadena, now a ...