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  2. Electric current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current

    A flow of positive charges gives the same electric current, and has the same effect in a circuit, as an equal flow of negative charges in the opposite direction. Since current can be the flow of either positive or negative charges, or both, a convention is needed for the direction of current that is independent of the type of charge carriers ...

  3. Field-effect transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field-effect_transistor

    Field-effect transistors have high gate-to-drain current resistance, of the order of 100 MΩ or more, providing a high degree of isolation between control and flow. Because base current noise will increase with shaping time [clarification needed], [68] a FET typically produces less noise than a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), and is found in ...

  4. Cathode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathode

    A conventional current describes the direction in which positive charges move. Electrons have a negative electrical charge, so the movement of electrons is opposite to that of the conventional current flow. Consequently, the mnemonic cathode current departs also means that electrons flow into the device's cathode from the external circuit. For ...

  5. Charge transport mechanisms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_transport_mechanisms

    Crystalline solids and molecular solids are two opposite extreme cases of materials that exhibit substantially different transport mechanisms. While in atomic solids transport is intra-molecular, also known as band transport, in molecular solids the transport is inter-molecular, also known as hopping transport.

  6. Direct current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current

    Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge. An electrochemical cell is a prime example of DC power. Direct current may flow through a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors , insulators , or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams .

  7. Speed of electricity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_electricity

    In general, an electron will propagate randomly in a conductor at the Fermi velocity. [5] Free electrons in a conductor follow a random path. Without the presence of an electric field, the electrons have no net velocity. When a DC voltage is applied, the electron drift velocity will increase in speed proportionally to the strength of the ...

  8. Anode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anode

    The direction of conventional current (the flow of positive charges) in a circuit is opposite to the direction of electron flow, so (negatively charged) electrons flow from the anode of a galvanic cell, into an outside or external circuit connected to the cell. For example, the end of a household battery marked with a "+" is the cathode (while ...

  9. Drift velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drift_velocity

    In general, an electron in a conductor will propagate randomly at the Fermi velocity, resulting in an average velocity of zero. Applying an electric field adds to this random motion a small net flow in one direction; this is the drift. Drift velocity of electrons . Drift velocity is proportional to current.