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Symptoms of infantile apnea occur most frequently during the rapid eye movement (REM) stage of sleep. [4] The nature and severity of breathing problems in patients can be detected in a sleep study called a polysomnography which measures the brain waves, heartbeat, body movements and breathing of a patient overnight. [4]
In weight loss studies of overweight individuals, those who lose weight show reduced apnea frequencies and improved apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI). [ 74 ] [ 76 ] Weight loss effective enough to relieve obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) must be 25–30% of body weight.
[5] [15] In the 1960s, various further discoveries were made that led to the distinction between obstructive sleep apnea and sleep hypoventilation. [16] The term "Pickwickian syndrome" has fallen out of favor because it does not distinguish obesity hypoventilation syndrome and sleep apnea as separate disorders (which may coexist). [16] [17]
Risk Factors for Sleep Apnea. There are several risk factors for sleep apnea. These include: Obesity. If you have excess weight or obesity, you may have more fat deposits in your neck that can put ...
Obstructive sleep apnea, which is characterized by brief interruptions in breathing during sleep, affects roughly 1 billion people globally, according to a 2019 study published in The Lancet.
The weight loss drug Zepbound, generically known as tirzepatide, is also now an approved medication to treat obstructive sleep apnea, per a Food and Drug Administration Dec. 20 press release.
Sleep apnea is measured by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). An AHI is determined with a sleep study. AHI values for adults are categorized as: [2] [3] Normal: AHI<5; Mild sleep apnea: 5≤AHI<15; Moderate sleep apnea: 15≤AHI<30; Severe sleep apnea: AHI≥30; An episode is when a person hesitates to breathe or stops their breathing altogether.
Insufficient quality or quantity of night time sleep [5] Obstructive sleep apnea [6] Misalignments of the body's circadian pacemaker with the environment (e.g., jet lag, shift work, or other circadian rhythm sleep disorders) [7] Another underlying sleep disorder, such as narcolepsy, sleep apnea, [8] idiopathic hypersomnia, or restless legs syndrome