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The black rook can move to squares with black dots, or it can capture the pawn on e7. The white rooks start on the squares a1 and h1, while the black rooks start on a8 and h8. The rook moves horizontally or vertically, through any number of unoccupied squares.
Alternatively, they can be referred to by the piece which stood on that file at the beginning of the game, e.g. "White's king bishop's pawn" or "Black's queen knight's pawn". It is also common to refer to a rook's pawn, meaning any pawn on the a- or h-files, a knight's pawn (on the b- or g-files), a bishop's pawn (on the c- or f-files), a queen ...
Positions with two rook pawns are often a draw. A position with a rook pawn and bishop pawn on the same side of the board is usually a draw if they are not far advanced, but the defense is difficult. Overall, the rook pawn and bishop pawn win in 61% of games. [85] The rook pawn and bishop pawn almost always win if they both reach their sixth rank.
Staunton style chess pieces. Left to right: king, rook, queen, pawn, knight, bishop. The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way.
In the ending of a rook and pawn versus a rook, where the pawn is a knight pawn (b- or g-file), the defending king is in front of the pawn, but the defender cannot get his rook to the third rank for the drawing Philidor position, the defending rook draws on its first rank but loses if it is attacking the pawn from behind. [22] [23]
Promotion to knight may also be done for defensive reasons. For example, a knight promotion is a standard defensive technique in a rook versus pawn endgame; [48] a 2006 game between Gata Kamsky and Étienne Bacrot shows such a case. [49] White threatens to capture the pawn or checkmate by Rh1 if the black pawn promotes to a queen, rook, or bishop.
The rook and pawn versus rook is the most common of the "piece and pawn versus piece" endgames. [40] The most difficult case of a rook and pawn versus a rook occurs when the attacking rook is one file over from the pawn and the defending king is cut off on the other side. Siegbert Tarrasch gave the following rules for this case:
A rook's pawn loses on the second rank, because the rook has only one protected square to use. [22] To win against a rook's pawn on the third rank, it is necessary for the attacking king to advance on the pawn's own file from ahead; [3] if this cannot be achieved, then the defending king cannot be forced out of the corner.