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The history of Hawaii began with the discovery and settlement of the Hawaiian Islands by Polynesian people between 940 and 1200 AD. [1] [2]The first recorded and sustained contact with Europeans occurred by chance when British explorer James Cook sighted the islands in January 1778 during his third voyage of exploration.
After the outbreak of the American Civil War, the Kingdom of Hawaii under King Kamehameha IV declared its neutrality on August 26, 1861. [1] [2] However, many Native Hawaiians and Hawaii-born Americans (mainly descendants of the American missionaries), abroad and in the islands, enlisted in the military regiments of various states in the Union and the Confederacy.
Map of the Confederate States with names and borders of states A Confederate state was a U.S. state that declared secession and joined the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. The Confederacy recognized them as constituent entities that shared their sovereignty with the Confederate government. Confederates were recognized as citizens of both the federal republic and of ...
Kingdoms of Hawaii and Tahiti that were supposed to confederate The Polynesian Confederation was a hypothetical confederation planned mainly by the king of Hawaii Kalākaua . The aim was to protect the Polynesian peoples from European and American imperialism since when the United Kingdom took over Fiji, there were only three independent ...
The ancient Hawaiians had the ahupuaʻa as their source of water management. Each ahupuaʻa was a sub-division of land from the mountain to the sea. The Hawaiians used the water from the rain that ran through the mountains as a form of irrigation. Hawaiians also settled around these parts of the land because of the farming that was done. [33]
The Confederacy passed the first American law of national conscription on April 16, 1862. The white males of the Confederate States from 18 to 35 were declared members of the Confederate army for three years, and all men then enlisted were extended to a three-year term. They would serve only in units and under officers of their state.
These rulers were believed to come from a hereditary line descended from the first Polynesian, Papa, who became the earth mother goddess of the Hawaiian religion. [17] Captain James Cook was the first European to encounter the Hawaiian Islands, on his Pacific third voyage (1776–1780).
By the time Captain Cook arrived, Hawaii had a well established culture with populations estimated to be between 400,000 and 900,000 people. [6] In the first one hundred years of contact with western civilization, due to disease and sickness, the Hawaiian population dropped by ninety percent with only 53,900 people in 1876. [6]