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The glucose tolerance test was first described in 1923 by Jerome W. Conn. [4]The test was based on the previous work in 1913 by A. T. B. Jacobson in determining that carbohydrate ingestion results in blood glucose fluctuations, [5] and the premise (named the Staub-Traugott Phenomenon after its first observers H. Staub in 1921 and K. Traugott in 1922) that a normal patient fed glucose will ...
In pharmacokinetics, a loading dose is an initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower maintenance dose.
K is the clearance [mL/min] or [m 3 /s] C is the concentration [mmol/L] or [mol/m 3 ] (in the United States often [mg/mL]) From the above definitions it follows that d C d t {\displaystyle {\frac {dC}{dt}}} is the first derivative of concentration with respect to time, i.e. the change in concentration with time.
The CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) formula was first published in May 2009. It was developed in an effort to create a formula more accurate than the MDRD formula, especially when actual GFR is greater than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2. This is the formula currently recommended by NICE in the UK. [27]
The Harris–Benedict equation (also called the Harris-Benedict principle) is a method used to estimate an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR).. The estimated BMR value may be multiplied by a number that corresponds to the individual's activity level; the resulting number is the approximate daily kilocalorie intake to maintain current body weight.
Cardiac Output = (125 mL O 2 /minute × 1.9) / (200 mL O 2 /L − 150 mL O 2 /L) = 4.75 L/min Cardiac output may also be estimated with the Fick principle using production of carbon dioxide as a marker substance.
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As an EPC should never be considered beneficial to a task, it is calculated using the following formula: Calculated Effect = ((Max Effect – 1) × Proportion of Effect) + 1. 4. A final estimate of the HEP is then calculated, in determination of which the identified EPC's play a large part.