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When eyes are untaped during general anaesthesia, the incidence of ocular injury has been reported to be as high as 44%. [1] [2] If tape is used to hold the eyes closed, ocular injury occurs during 0.1-0.5% of general anaesthetics, and is usually corneal in nature. [3] [4]
Excess tears flow through the nasolacrimal duct which drains into the inferior nasal meatus. This is the reason the nose starts to run when a person is crying or has watery eyes from an allergy, and why one can sometimes taste eye drops. This is for the same reason when applying some eye drops it is often advised to close the nasolacrimal duct ...
Around 6% of infants have congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, or dacryostenosis, usually experiencing a persistent watery eye even when not crying. If a secondary infection occurs (dacryocystitis), purulent (yellow / green) discharge may be present. Most cases resolve spontaneously, with antibiotics reserved only if conjunctivitis occurs.
Trochleitis is inflammation of the superior oblique tendon trochlea apparatus characterized by localized swelling, tenderness, and severe pain. This condition is an uncommon but treatable cause of periorbital pain. The trochlea is a ring-like apparatus of cartilage through which passes the tendon of the superior oblique muscle.
The pain is often described as deep or boring. Photophobia and tearing; Decrease in visual acuity, possibly leading to blindness; The pain of episcleritis is less severe than in scleritis. [4] In hyperemia, there is a visible increase in the blood flow to the sclera , which accounts for the redness of the eye. Unlike in conjunctivitis, this ...
Bone pain belongs to the class of deep somatic pain, often experienced as a dull pain that cannot be localized accurately by the patient. This is in contrast with the pain which is mediated by superficial receptors in, e.g., the skin. Bone pain can have several possible causes ranging from extensive physical stress to serious diseases such as ...
Ocular neuropathic pain, also called corneal neuralgia, is a spectrum of disorders of ocular pain which are caused by damage or disease affecting the nerves.Ocular neuropathic pain is frequently associated with damaged or dysfunctional corneal nerves, [1] but the condition can also be caused by peripheral or centralized sensitization. [2]
Where episodes frequently occur, or there is an underlying disorder, one medical, [6] or three types of surgical curative procedures may be attempted: [7] use of therapeutic contact lens, controlled puncturing of the surface layer of the eye (Anterior Stromal Puncture) and laser phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK).