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Volcano Island may refer to: Islands. Volcanic island, an island of volcanic origin; Taal Volcano, an island volcano in the Philippines; Volcano Islands, a group of ...
North Iwo Jima (Japanese: 北硫黄島, Kita Iwōjima, "North Sulfur Island"), [1] now officially North or Kita Iōtō (written with the same characters) and previously known as Santo [2] or San Alessandro, [3] Hooge Meeuwen Island (Dutch: t'Hooge Meuwen Eylandt, "High Seagull Island"), [4] and North Sulfur Island, is the northernmost member of Japan's Volcano Islands.
[1] [2] The islands are all active volcanoes lying atop the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc that stretches south to the Marianas. They have an area of 32.55 square kilometres (12.57 sq mi), and a population of 380. The island of Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands lies about 1,240 kilometres (670 nmi; 771 mi) southeast of Miyazaki. [3]
Ruby Seamount is a stratovolcano with a more shallow southern peak, [5] and is part of the nine volcano Southern Seamount Province of the Mariana Arc, in the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc. [ 3 ] : 151 Its location is consistent with it being a back-arc extension associated volcano.
Geologically, a volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. The term high island can be used to distinguish such islands from low islands, which are formed from sedimentation or the uplifting of coral reefs (which have often formed on sunken volcanoes). [1]
The island is a basalt pillar with sheer sides, the only visible portion of a submarine volcanic caldera extending 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) south-east at an average depth of 240 metres (790 ft). The above sea-level portion measures approximately 84 metres east-west and 56 metres north-south, with a summit height of 99 metres (325 ft).
The peak on South Iwo Jima is the largest in Ogasawara Subprefecture—including the Bonin and Volcano Islands and three isolated islets—at 913 meters (2,995 ft) and its average slope angle is 45 degrees. The northwest side of this volcano, which has a relatively stable shape and is not eroding much, rises at a gentler incline of 30 degrees.
The Nikkō caldera is a volcanic complex consisting of a caldera and 2 other cones that are the active parts of the volcano which last had an activity in 1979. [2] It is 155 km (96 mi) south-southeast of Iwo Jima and 945 km (587 mi) north-northwest of Saipan .