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Mechanical floors are generally counted in the building's floor numbering (this is required by some building codes) but are accessed only by service elevators. Some zoning regulations exclude mechanical floors from a building's maximum area calculation, permitting a significant increase in building sizes; this is the case in New York City . [ 1 ]
The John Hancock Center's sky lobby on the 44th floor serves only the residential portion of the building that occupies 48 floors (floors 45–92). Three express elevators run from the residential lobby on the ground floor to the 44th floor, with all three of the elevators stopping at one of the parking garage levels. [5]
The elevators in a skyscraper are not simply a necessary utility like running water and electricity, but are in fact closely related to the design of the whole structure. A taller building requires more elevators to service the additional floors, but the elevator shafts consume valuable floor space.
The 16 Divisions of construction, as defined by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)'s MasterFormat, is the most widely used standard for organizing specifications and other written information for commercial and institutional building projects in the U.S. and Canada.
The core of a building is often placed in the center of a building, but it can also be placed on a side of a building, and there can be several cores in a building. Cores on a side of a building are known as perimeter cores, are completely inside the building and can allow for more uninterrupted, column-free floor space within a building.
Double-deck elevators at Midland Square, Nagoya, Japan The Bailong Elevator Symbol seen within the upper cabin of the elevator in Roppongi Hills Mori Tower Double lobby ("lower lobby" and "upper lobby") to enter the elevators in Roppongi Hills Mori Tower. A double-deck elevator or double-deck lift is an elevator where one cab is stacked on top ...
Elevators are necessary for disability access to floors serviced by escalators. Escalators typically rise at an angle of 30 or 35 degrees from the ground. [25] They move at 0.3–0.9 metres per second (1–3 ft/s), like moving walkways, and may traverse vertical distances in excess