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Job costing (known by some as job order costing) is fundamental to managerial accounting. It differs from Process costing in that the flow of costs is tracked by job or batch instead of by process. job cost is done for one single product The distinction between job costing and process costing hinges on the nature of the product and, therefore, on the type of production process:
In the direct labor cost we need to have the job time and wage we will pay it to the worker to calculate the direct labor cost as in this formulation: [1] - = Depending on the context, there are various methods to calculate personnel costs, such as on an hourly or daily basis.
Contractors may use a single job work order and invoice form that contains the customer information, describes the work performed, lists charges for material and labor, and can be given to the customer as an invoice. [8] A job order is an internal document extensively used by projects-based, manufacturing, building and fabrication businesses.
Standard Costing is a technique of Cost Accounting to compare the actual costs with standard costs (that are pre-defined) with the help of Variance Analysis. It is used to understand the variations of product costs in manufacturing. [6] Standard costing allocates fixed costs incurred in an accounting period to the goods produced during that period.
Cost engineering is "the engineering practice devoted to the management of project cost, involving such activities as estimating, cost control, cost forecasting, investment appraisal and risk analysis". [1] "
Direct costs, in accounting, are costs directly accountable to a cost object (such as a particular project, facility, function, or product). [1] The equivalent nomenclature in economics is specific cost. [2]
A cost object is a term used primarily in cost accounting to describe something to which costs are assigned. [1] Common examples of cost objects are product lines, geographic territories, customers, departments or anything else for which management would like to quantify cost.
In the case of a device, component, piece of equipment or facility (for the rest of this article, all of these items will be referred to in general as equipment), it is the regular, usual and customary recurring costs of operating the equipment.