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The terms sounding range, written range, designated range, duration range and dynamic range have specific meanings. The sounding range [ 3 ] refers to the pitches produced by an instrument, while the written range [ 3 ] refers to the compass (span) of notes written in the sheet music, where the part is sometimes transposed for convenience.
To compensate for this, octaves are tuned slightly wide, stretched according to the inharmonic characteristics of each instrument. [3] This deviation from equal temperament is called the Railsback curve. The following equation gives the frequency f (Hz) of the n th key on the idealized standard piano with the 49th key tuned to A 4 at 440 Hz:
An audio frequency or audible frequency (AF) is a periodic vibration whose frequency is audible to the average human. The SI unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz). It is the property of sound that most determines pitch. [1] The generally accepted standard hearing range for humans is 20 to 20,000 Hz.
The frequency range often specified for audio components is between 20 Hz to 20 kHz, which broadly reflects the human hearing range. Well-designed solid-state amplifiers and CD players may have a frequency response that varies by only 0.2 dB between 20 Hz to 20 kHz. [ 4 ]
In telephony, the usable voice frequency band ranges from approximately 300 to 3400 Hz. [2] It is for this reason that the ultra low frequency band of the electromagnetic spectrum between 300 and 3000 Hz is also referred to as voice frequency, being the electromagnetic energy that represents acoustic energy at baseband.
An audio signal is a representation of sound, typically using either a changing level of electrical voltage for analog signals or a series of binary numbers for digital signals. Audio signals have frequencies in the audio frequency range of roughly 20 to 20,000 Hz, which corresponds to the lower and upper limits of human hearing.
Figure 1 shows the waveform of an audio file "" with 44100 Hz sampling frequency. Figure 2 shows the time-frequency plot of the short-time Fourier transform (in particular, Gabor transform) results of the audio file. In this plot, horizontal lines with frequencies not greater than 230 Hz represent the fundamental frequencies while horizontal ...
"Conventional" pure tone audiometry (testing frequencies up to 8 kHz) is the basic measure of hearing status. [6] For research purposes, or early diagnosis of age-related hearing loss , ultra-high frequency audiograms (up to 20 kHz), requiring special audiometer calibration and headphones, can be measured.