Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
The dose–response relationship, or exposure–response relationship, describes the magnitude of the response of an organism, as a function of exposure (or doses) to a stimulus or stressor (usually a chemical) after a certain exposure time. [1] Dose–response relationships can be described by dose–response curves. This is explained further ...
Threshold dose is a dose of drug barely adequate to produce a biological effect in an animal. In dose-response assessment, the term ‘threshold dose’ is refined into several terminologies, such as NOEL, NOAEL, and LOAEL. They define the limits of doses resulting in biological responses or toxic effects. [3]
Pharmacological dose response relationships are an application of stimulus-response models. Another field this model can be applied to is psychological problems/disorders such as Tourette syndrome . Research shows Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) [ 6 ] can be characterized by enhanced cognitive functions related to creating, modifying and ...
The dose-response relationship for a given effect (e.g., diarrhea) is therefore the relationship between the dose and the likelihood of experiencing this effect. When the response is less than about 10%, it is observed that there is a strictly proportional relationship between dose and response:
Hormesis is a biological phenomenon where a low dose of a potentially harmful stressor, such as a toxin or environmental factor, stimulates a beneficial adaptive response in an organism. In other words, small doses of stressors that would be damaging in larger amounts can actually enhance resilience, stimulate growth, or improve health at lower ...
AUC is a useful metric when trying to determine whether two formulations of the same dose (for example a capsule and a tablet) result in equal amounts of tissue or plasma exposure. Another use is in the therapeutic drug monitoring of drugs with a narrow therapeutic index.
Increased Risk of Solid Cancer with Dose for A-bomb survivors, from BEIR report.Notably, this exposure pathway occurred from essentially a massive spike or pulse of radiation, a result of the brief instant that the bomb exploded, which while somewhat similar to the environment of a CT scan, is wholly unlike the low dose rate of living in a contaminated area such as Chernobyl, where the dose ...
Dose-finding designs are sequential and response-adaptive: the dose at a given point in the experiment depends upon previous outcomes, rather than be fixed a priori. Dose-finding designs are generally more efficient for this task than fixed designs, but their properties are harder to analyze, and some require specialized design software. UDDs ...