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The Catholic Church in Ireland, or Irish Catholic Church, is part of the worldwide Catholic Church in communion with the Holy See. With 3.5 million members (in the Republic of Ireland), it is the largest Christian church in Ireland. In the Republic of Ireland's 2022 census, 69% of the population identified as Roman Catholic. [2]
The Diocese of Cork was one of the twenty-four dioceses established at the Synod of Rathbreasail (1111 AD) on an ancient bishopric founded by Saint Finbarr in 876. On 30 July 1326, Pope John XXII, on the petition of King Edward II of England, issued a papal bull for the union of the bishoprics of Cork and Cloyne, the union to take effect on the death of either bishop.
The fact that most people in Ireland belonged to some religion, and that the education system and to a lesser extent the health system were denominational in structure, with Roman Catholicism, the Church of Ireland, the Presbyterian Church, the Methodist Church, the Jewish community, and others running their own schools and non-governmental ...
The relations between the Catholic Church and the state have been constantly evolving with various forms of government, some of them controversial in retrospect. In its history, the Church has had to deal with various concepts and systems of governance, from the Roman Empire to the medieval divine right of kings, from nineteenth- and twentieth-century concepts of democracy and pluralism to the ...
With the partition of Ireland in 1922, 92.6% of the Free State's population were Catholic while 7.4% were Protestant. [14] By the 1960s, the Protestant population had fallen by half. Although emigration was high among all the population, due to a lack of economic opportunity, the rate of Protestant emigration was disproportionate in this period.
Irish Catholics (Irish: Caitlicigh na hÉireann) are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland [12] [13] whose members are both Catholic and Irish. They have a large diaspora , which includes over 31 million American citizens , [ 14 ] plus over 7 million Irish Australians , of whom around 67% adhere to Catholicism.
Also relevant was the enactment of the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1793. The college was legally established on 5 June 1795 by the Maynooth College Act 1795 as The Royal College of St Patrick, by act of the Parliament of Ireland, to provide "for the better education of persons professing the popish or Roman Catholic religion".
The Catholic Church in Ireland serves Catholics in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland under the spiritual leadership of Pope Francis and the Conference of Irish Bishops. In the Republic of Ireland, 87.4% of the citizens were baptised Catholic as infants while the figure for Northern Ireland is 43.8%.