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  2. List of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric...

    Cosine power-reduction formula: an illustrative diagram. The red, orange and blue triangles are all similar, and the red and orange triangles are congruent. The hypotenuse ¯ of the blue triangle has length ⁡.

  3. Pythagorean theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem

    The triangle ABC is a right triangle, as shown in the upper part of the diagram, with BC the hypotenuse. At the same time the triangle lengths are measured as shown, with the hypotenuse of length y, the side AC of length x and the side AB of length a, as seen in the lower diagram part. Diagram for differential proof

  4. Hypotenuse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotenuse

    A right triangle with the hypotenuse c. In a right triangle, the hypotenuse is the side that is opposite the right angle, while the other two sides are called the catheti or legs. [7] The length of the hypotenuse can be calculated using the square root function implied by the Pythagorean theorem. It states that the sum of the two legs squared ...

  5. Spiral of Theodorus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_of_Theodorus

    The spiral is started with an isosceles right triangle, with each leg having unit length.Another right triangle (which is the only automedian right triangle) is formed, with one leg being the hypotenuse of the prior right triangle (with length the square root of 2) and the other leg having length of 1; the length of the hypotenuse of this second right triangle is the square root of 3.

  6. Garfield's proof of the Pythagorean theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield's_proof_of_the...

    Diagram to explain Garfield's proof of the Pythagorean theorem In the figure, A B C {\displaystyle ABC} is a right-angled triangle with right angle at C {\displaystyle C} . The side-lengths of the triangle are a , b , c {\displaystyle a,b,c} .

  7. Pythagorean prime - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_prime

    The formulas show how to transform any right triangle with integer legs into another right triangle with integer legs whose hypotenuse is the square of the first triangle's hypotenuse. A Pythagorean prime is a prime number of the form 4 n + 1 {\displaystyle 4n+1} .

  8. Law of cosines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_cosines

    Fig. 1 – A triangle. The angles α (or A), β (or B), and γ (or C) are respectively opposite the sides a, b, and c.. In trigonometry, the law of cosines (also known as the cosine formula or cosine rule) relates the lengths of the sides of a triangle to the cosine of one of its angles.

  9. Special right triangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_right_triangle

    Set square shaped as 45° - 45° - 90° triangle The side lengths of a 45° - 45° - 90° triangle 45° - 45° - 90° right triangle of hypotenuse length 1.. In plane geometry, dividing a square along its diagonal results in two isosceles right triangles, each with one right angle (90°, ⁠ π / 2 ⁠ radians) and two other congruent angles each measuring half of a right angle (45°, or ...