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Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on af.wikipedia.org Musieksimbole; Usage on als.wikipedia.org Liste von musikalischen Symbolen; Usage on cs.wikipedia.org
A mechanical metronome does not need an electric battery, but runs from a spring-wound clockwork escapement. [1] For uniform beats, the metronome should be placed on a hard, level, unmoving surface, and away from any strong magnets. Small variations in pendulum speed can also result from differences in temperature, air pressure, or gravity. [9]
A metronome mark may be placed immediately after the time signature if the time signature is part-way through the music, or below it if the time signature is at the beginning. If present, this will be identical to the metronome marks used in Western music (this is the only place in numbered notation where Western symbols for note values such as ...
Composers may use expressive marks to adjust the tempo: Accelerando – speeding up (abbreviation: accel.); the opposite of ritardando. It is defined by gradually increasing the tempo until the next tempo mark is noted. It is either marked by a dashed line or simply its abbreviation. Affrettando – speeding up with a suggestion of anxiety [24]
A rehearsal letter, sometimes referred to as rehearsal marks, [1] [2] rehearsal figures, [3] or rehearsal numbers, is a boldface letter of the alphabet in an orchestral score, and its corresponding parts, that provides the conductor, who typically leads rehearsals, with a convenient spot to tell the orchestra to begin at places other than the start of movements or pieces.
In Ravel's copy of the score, the printed metronome mark of 76 per quarter is crossed out and 66 is substituted. [21] Later editions of the score suggest a tempo of 72. [21] Ravel's own recording from January 1930 starts at approximately 66 per quarter, slightly slowing down later on to 60–63. [9] Its total duration is 15 minutes 50 seconds. [21]
The instruction marcato or marcatissimo [6] (extreme marcato), among various other instructions, symbols, and expression marks may prompt a string player to use martelé bowing, depending on the musical context. [7] An example is the Gavotte in D major [which?] from J. S. Bach (Suzuki Book Volume 3) page 19, Bar 39.