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The LP (from long playing [2] or long play) is an analog sound storage medium, specifically a phonograph record format characterized by: a speed of 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 rpm; a 12- or 10-inch (30- or 25-cm) diameter; use of the "microgroove" groove specification; and a vinyl (a copolymer of vinyl chloride acetate) composition disk.
The most common rotational speeds for gramophone records are 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 revolutions per minute (rpm), 45 rpm, and 78 rpm. Established as the only common rotational speed prior to the 1940s, the 78 became increasingly less common throughout the 1950s and into more modern decades as the 33 and the 45 became established as the new standards for ...
Grooves on a modern 33 rpm record Uncommon Columbia 7-inch vinyl 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 rpm microgroove ZLP from 1948. CBS Laboratories had long been at work for Columbia Records to develop a phonograph record that would hold at least 20 minutes per side. [55] [56] Research began in 1939, was suspended during World War II, and then resumed in 1945. [57]
The introduction of both the 33 1 ⁄ 3 rpm, 12-inch LP record and the 45rpm, 7-inch record, coming into the market in 1948/1949, provided advances in both storage and quality. These records featured vinyl (polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene), replacing the previous shellac materials.
Since the term "LP" has come to refer to the 12-inch 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 rpm vinyl disk, the first LP is the Mendelssohn Violin Concerto in E minor played by Nathan Milstein with Bruno Walter conducting the New York Philharmonic (then called the Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra of New York), Columbia ML 4001, found in the Columbia Record Catalog for ...
33 + 1 ⁄ 3 RPM may refer to: The playing speed, in rotations per minute, of LP records; The playing speed of some extended play records This page was last edited ...