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Rather than a UN-style system of type approvals, the US and Canadian auto safety regulations operate on the principle of self-certification, wherein the manufacturer or importer of a vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment certifies—i.e., asserts and promises—that the vehicle or equipment complies with all applicable federal or Canada ...
Motor vehicle type approval is the method by which motor vehicles, vehicle trailers and systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles achieve type approval in the European Union (EU) or in other UN-ECE member states. There is no EU approval body: authorized approval bodies of member states are responsible for type ...
The Snell Memorial Foundation is a nonprofit organization created to provide a high quality standard of safety for helmets.Founded in 1957, the foundation is named after William "Pete" Snell, a popular sports car racer who died in 1956 of head injuries he received when the racing helmet he wore failed to protect his head.
NHTSA uses cost–benefit analysis for every safety device, system, or design feature mandated for installation on vehicles. [37] No device, system, or design feature may be mandated unless it costs no more than a specified amount of money per life saved, or will save more money (in property damage, health care, etc.) than it costs.
FMVSS No. 218: [59] Motorcycle helmets; FMVSS No. 219: [60] Windshield zone intrusion; FMVSS No. 220: [61] School bus rollover protection; FMVSS No. 221: [62] School bus body joint strength; FMVSS No. 222: [63] School bus passenger seating and crash protection; FMVSS No. 223: [64] Rear impact guards; FMVSS No. 224: [65] Rear impact protection
The Snell Memorial Foundation certified a flip-up helmet for the first time in 2009. [17] [18] ECE 22.05 allows certification of modular helmets with or without chin bar tests, distinguished by -P (protective lower face cover) and -NP (non-protective) suffixes to the certification number, [19] and additional warning text for non-certified chin ...
SHARP stress that irrespective of their own ratings, all helmets sold in the UK have been certified to comply with the relevant legal standard, namely ECE R22. [6] However, it also points out that there is a 70% difference in protection between a SHARP one star rating compared to their five star rating.
[14] The chinstrap on each helmet has a unique code that can be used to identify when and where it was made, most often in the event of a warranty claim. [3] SHARP rates the helmets 4-5 stars on average. [8] [4] [6] Shark also meets DOT, ECE, and FIM standards. [6] [7] Part of the internal safety testing utilizes finite element methods. [8]