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Punjabi-Urdu Dictionary (Sachal Studios and the Punjabi Adabi Board, 2009) by Sardar Mohammad Khan. [19] [20] [21] A Punjabi-Urdu dictionary that covers 64 varieties of Punjabi over around 3,600 pages, containing idioms, riddles, and treatises related to Punjabi traditions and customs. [19] [22] The author is an ethnic Pathan. [22]
All the common words, idioms, proverbs, and modern academic, literary, scientific, and technical terms of the Urdu language have been listed. Only those obsolete words and idioms have been included which are found in ancient books. They are indicated by the symbol "Qaaf". The English words that are commonly used in Urdu have also been included. [5]
A bilingual dictionary or translation dictionary is a specialized dictionary used to translate words or phrases from one language to another. Bilingual dictionaries can be unidirectional , meaning that they list the meanings of words of one language in another, or can be bidirectional , allowing translation to and from both languages.
In some cases words have entered the English language by multiple routes - occasionally ending up with different meanings, spellings, or pronunciations, just as with words with European etymologies. Many entered English during the British Raj in colonial India. These borrowings, dating back to the colonial period, are often labeled as "Anglo ...
An example of a backronym as a mnemonic is the Apgar score, used to assess the health of newborn babies.The rating system was devised by and named after Virginia Apgar.Ten years after the initial publication, the backronym APGAR was coined in the US as a mnemonic learning aid: appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration. [6]
A contronym is a word with two opposite meanings. For example, the word cleave can mean "to cut apart" or "to bind together". This feature is also called enantiosemy, [1] [2] enantionymy (enantio-means "opposite"), antilogy or autoantonymy. An enantiosemic term is by definition polysemic.
An antonym is one of a pair of words with opposite meanings. Each word in the pair is the antithesis of the other. A word may have more than one antonym. There are three categories of antonyms identified by the nature of the relationship between the opposed meanings.
A trilingual signboard in Arabic, English and Urdu in the UAE. The Urdu sentence is not a direct translation of the English ("Your beautiful city invites you to preserve it") or Arabic (the same). It says, "apné shahar kī Khūbsūrtīi ko barqarār rakhié, or "Please preserve the beauty of your city."