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The FOIL method is a special case of a more general method for multiplying algebraic expressions using the distributive law. The word FOIL was originally intended solely as a mnemonic for high-school students learning algebra. The term appears in William Betz's 1929 text Algebra for Today, where he states: [2]
Developed in 1990 by Ross Quinlan, [1] FOIL learns function-free Horn clauses, a subset of first-order predicate calculus.Given positive and negative examples of some concept and a set of background-knowledge predicates, FOIL inductively generates a logical concept definition or rule for the concept.
The unary numeral system is the simplest numeral system to represent natural numbers: [1] to represent a number N, a symbol representing 1 is repeated N times. [2]In the unary system, the number 0 (zero) is represented by the empty string, that is, the absence of a symbol.
The term "FOIL rule" is rarely used, "FOIL method" is an order of magnitude more common. I suggest moving the article accordingly. -- Vaughan Pratt ( talk ) 19:04, 6 September 2009 (UTC) [ reply ]
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What is the number of different trees that can be formed from a set of distinct vertices? Cayley's formula gives the answer T n = n n − 2 {\displaystyle T_{n}=n^{n-2}} . Aigner & Ziegler (1998) list four proofs of this fact; they write of the fourth, a double counting proof due to Jim Pitman, that it is "the most beautiful of them all."
In discrete optimization, a special ordered set (SOS) is an ordered set of variables used as an additional way to specify integrality conditions in an optimization model. . Special order sets are basically a device or tool used in branch and bound methods for branching on sets of variables, rather than individual variables, as in ordinary mixed integer programm
For any pair of positive integers n and k, the number of k-tuples of positive integers whose sum is n is equal to the number of (k − 1)-element subsets of a set with n − 1 elements. For example, if n = 10 and k = 4, the theorem gives the number of solutions to x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 = 10 (with x 1, x 2, x 3, x 4 > 0) as the binomial coefficient