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Buboes are a symptom of bubonic plague and occur as painful swellings in the thighs, neck, groin or armpits. [2] They are caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria spreading from flea bites through the bloodstream to the lymph nodes, where the bacteria replicate, causing the nodes to swell. [3]
The presence of swollen inguinal lymph nodes is an important clinical sign because lymphadenopathy (swelling) may indicate an infection, or spread as a metastasis from cancers, such as anal cancer and vulvar cancer. Inguinal lymph nodes may normally be up to 2 cm. [1] The cut-off value for normal sized inguinal nodes is up to 10 mm. [6]
Inguinal lymphadenopathy causes swollen lymph nodes in the groin area. It can be a symptom of infective or neoplastic processes. It can be a symptom of infective or neoplastic processes. Infective aetiologies include Tuberculosis, HIV , non-specific or reactive lymphadenopathy to recent lower limb infection or groin infections.
Lymphadenopathy or adenopathy is a disease of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency.Lymphadenopathy of an inflammatory type (the most common type) is lymphadenitis, [1] producing swollen or enlarged lymph nodes.
On its way, the fluid passes through the lymph nodes, small nodular organs located throughout the body but concentrated in certain areas such as the armpits or groin. These lymph nodes are also known as glands or lymphoid tissue. If they detect something foreign passing through them, they enlarge. This is called lymphadenopathy or swollen glands.
Enlarged nodes are called buboes. Buboes are commonly painful. Nodes commonly become inflamed, thinning and fixation of the overlying skin. These changes may progress to necrosis, fluctuant and suppurative lymph nodes, abscesses, fistulas, strictures, and sinus tracts. During the infection and when it subsides and healing takes place, fibrosis ...
It may also occur in the lower limbs or groin after surgery for colon, ovarian or uterine cancer, if removal of lymph nodes or radiation therapy is required. Surgery or treatment for prostate, colon and testicular cancers may result in secondary lymphedema, particularly when lymph nodes have been removed or damaged. [medical citation needed]
The substance of a lymph node is divided into the outer cortex and the inner medulla. [4] The cortex of a lymph node is the outer portion of the node, underneath the capsule and the subcapsular sinus. [17] It has an outer part and a deeper part known as the paracortex. [17]