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The Umayyad Caliphate, at the time of the Battle of Tours, was perhaps the world's foremost military power. The great expansion of the Caliphate occurred under the reign of the Umayyads. Muslim armies pushed east across Persia and west across North Africa through the late 7th century. [24]
A major Umayyad raid directed at Tours was defeated in the Battle of Tours in 732. After 732, the Franks asserted their authority in Aquitaine and Burgundy , but only in 759 did they manage to take the Mediterranean region of Septimania, due to Muslim neglect and local Visigothic disaffection.
He is most famous for leading the Muslim forces during the Battle of Tours (also known as the Battle of Poitiers) in 732. This battle, fought against the Frankish forces led by Charles Martel , was a significant moment in European history as it marked the halting of the Muslim expansion into Western Europe.
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (UK: / uː ˈ m aɪ j æ d /, [2] US: / uː ˈ m aɪ æ d /; [3] Arabic: ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة, romanized: al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) [4] was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
This category includes historical battles in which the Umayyad Caliphate of Damascus (661–750) participated.Please see the category guidelines for more information. For the Umayyads of Spain, please use Category:Battles involving the Emirate of Córdoba and Category:Battles involving the Caliphate of Córdoba
This is the list of battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate ranked chronologically from 632, with the first caliph Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, to the last caliph in 661, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Here is a legend to facilitate the reading of the outcomes of the battles below:
Along with the Battle of Tours in 732, the siege of Constantinople stopped the Muslim expansion into Europe. The failure of the Arab siege led to a profound change in the nature of warfare between Byzantium and the Caliphate.
Charles gained a victory against an Umayyad invasion of Aquitaine at the Battle of Tours, at a time when the Umayyad Caliphate controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula. Alongside his military endeavours, Charles has been traditionally credited with an influential role in the development of the Frankish system of feudalism .